Since its introduction as a commercial product in 1939, many different types of fluorescent lamps have been introduced. The systematic nomenclature identifies bulk market lights for the overall shape, power rating, length, color, and other electrical and lighting characteristics.
Video Fluorescent-lamp formats
Tagging tubes
The lamp is usually identified by code like FxxTy, where F is for fluorescent, the first digit (xx) indicates either power in watts or in inches long, T indicates that the shape of the bulb is tubular, and the last digit (Y) is an inner diameter of eight inches (sometimes in millimeters, rounded to the nearest millimeter). The common diameter is T12 or T38 ( 1 1 / 2 at or 38 mm) for a house lamp with a ballast magnetic, T8 or T26 (1 in or 25 mm) for commercial energy saving lamps with electronic ballasts, and T5 or T16 ( 5 / 8 in or 16 mm) for very small lights, which can even operate from battery-powered devices.
Reflector
Some lights have internal opaque reflectors. The reflector coverage ranges from 120 ° to 310 ° from the circumference of the lamp. Often, the lamp is marked as a reflector lamp by adding the letter "R" in the model code, so the F ## T ## lamp with the reflector will be encoded as "FR ## T ##". The high output lamp (VHO) with the reflector can be encoded as VHOR. There is no such determination for the amount of reflector coverage the lamp has.
Reflector lights are used when light is only desirable to be transmitted in one direction, or when an application requires the maximum amount of light. For example, these lights can be used in a tanning bed or on an electronic backlight screen. The internal reflector is more efficient than the standard external reflector. Another example is a suitable color aperture lamp (with about 30 Â ° opening) used in the food industry for robotic quality control inspection of cooked goods.
The aperture lamp has a distinct pause in the phosphor layer, typically 30 Â °, to concentrate light in one direction and give a higher brightness to the rays than can be achieved by a uniform phosphor coating. The aperture light includes a reflector above the non-aperture area. Aperture lamps are typically used in photocopiers in the 1960s and 1970s in which tube banks are still structured to illuminate images to be copied, but are rarely found today. Aperture lamps can produce concentrated light rays that are suitable for signs that have markings on the edges.
Slim light
The Slimline lamp operates on instant starters and recognized by their single-pin base.
High output/light output
The high output lights are brighter and driven at higher electrical current, have different ends on the pins so they can not be used in the wrong equipment, and are labeled F ## T ## HO, or F ## T ## VHO for high output. From about the beginning to the mid-1950s to the present day, General Electric developed and improved the Power Groove lights with the F ## PG17 label. This lamp can be identified by its large diameter (2 1 / 8 "), the shape of the grooved tube and cap R17d at each end.
Other tube shapes
The U-shaped tube is FB ## T ##, with B which means "bending". Most commonly, it has the same designation as a linear tube. The circular bulb is FC ## T #, with outer diameter diameter circle ( not around or watt) in centimeters being the first number and the second number refers to the size tube.
Color
Colors are usually shown by WW for warm white, EW for enhanced white (white), CW for cold white (most common), and DW for bluish daylight. BL is used for ultraviolet lights commonly used in bug zappers. BLBs are used for bluelight-blue lamps using Wood glass envelopes to filter out most of the visible light, which is commonly used in nightclubs. Other non-standard marking applies to plant lamps or lamps grown.
Philips and Osram use numerical color codes for color. In tri-phosphor and multi-phosphor tubes, the first digit shows the color rendering index (CRI) of the lamp. If the first digit on the lamp says 8 , then the CRI of that lamp will be about 85. The last two digits indicate the color temperature of the lamp in kelvin (K). For example, if the last two digits on the lamp say 41 , that the lamp's color temperature will be 4100 K, which is a normal tri-phosphor white cold neon light.
Maps Fluorescent-lamp formats
General tube rank
This section lists the more common tube ratings for general lighting. Many other tube ratings, often country specific. Nominal Length may not exactly match the dimensions of the measured tube. For some tube sizes, the nominal length (in feet) is the required distance between the center of the lighting fixture to make a continuous run, so the tube is slightly shorter than the nominal length.
European energy-saving tubes
In the 1970s, Thorn Lighting introduced an 8-foot energy-efficient retrofit tube in Europe. Designed to run on an existing 125 W (240 V) ballast series but with different gas and operating voltage, the tube is operated only at 100 W. Increased efficiency means that the tube produces only a 9% lumen reduction for a 20% power reduction. This first energy-saving tube design remains T12 tube even today. However, the subsequent retrofit replacement for all other original T12 tubes is T8, which helps create the necessary electrical characteristics and saves new (and more expensive) polyphosphor/triphosphor layers, and this is even more efficient. Note that since all of these tubes are designed as retrofit tubes to be mounted on T12 fittings running on series ballasts at 220-240 V soup, they can not be used in the 120 V parent countries with different inherent control gear designs.
Around 1980 (in the UK, at least), some new fluorescent fittings were designed to only pick up new ones, retrofit tubes (lamp holders designed not to take T12 tubes, except for a length of 8 feet). The previous halophosphate T12 tubes are still available as spare parts by 2012. They fit in older fittings and some modern fixtures that use key holders of twist lights, although modern fittings are not electrically designed for them.
US energy-saving tubes
In the 1990s, various energy-saving tubes were introduced in the US, but unlike the T8 tubes introduced in Europe, they did not retrofits and required a new matching ballast to propel them. Running T8 tube with ballast for T12 will reduce lamp life and can increase energy consumption. The type of tube should always match the mark on the lamp.
tube T5
In the 1990s, the longer T5 tube was designed in Europe (making it to North America in the 2000s), in addition to the shorter ones (mentioned above) already in use worldwide.
The T5 lamp is about 40% smaller than the T8 lamp and almost 60% smaller than the T12 lamp. The T5 lamp has a G5 base (bi-pin with a distance of 5 mm).
See also
- Compact fluorescent lighting
- List of light sources
- Charging fluorescent lamp
- T5 retrofit conversion
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments