Nevus (or nevi if multiple) is a nonspecific medical term for chronic, visible, restricted, and chronic lesions of the skin or mucosa. The term is derived from nÃÆ'Â|vus , which is Latin for "birthmark"; however, the nevus can be either innate (present at birth) or acquired. Common terms, including mol , birthmarks , and beauty signs , are used to describe nevi, but the term does not distinguish the nevi special types from each other.
Video Nevus
Classification
The term "nevus" is applied to a number of conditions caused by neoplasias and melanocyte hyperplasia, as well as a number of pigmentation disorders, both hypermelanotic (containing melanin enhancement, pigment responsible for skin color) and hypomelanotic. (containing melanin decrease).
Melanin enhancement
Acquired
- Acquired melanocytic nevus
- Type of acquired melanocytic naevi is categorized by cell location
- Junctional: epidermis
- Intradermal: dermis
- Compounds: epidermis and dermis
- Type of acquired melanocytic naevi is categorized by cell location
- Atypical (dysplastic) nevus: This type of nevus should be diagnosed based on histological features. Clinically, atypical nevi is characterized by variable pigmentation and irregular borders.
- Becker nevus
- Blue nevus (rarely congenital): Classic blue veins are usually smaller than 1 cm, flat, and blackish in color.
- Hori nevus
- Nevus spilus (spotted lentiginous nevus): This lesion includes a dark speckle in a brown-brown background.
- Pigmented spindle cell nodes
- Spitz nevus
- Zosteriform lentiginous nevus
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- Congenital melanocytic naevus
- These nevis are often categorized by size, however, lesions usually grow in proportion to the body over time, so the categories may change over the life of an individual. Categorization is important because large congenital melanocytic naevi is associated with an increased risk of melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer.
- Small: & lt; 1.5Ã, cm
- Medium: 1.5 - 19.9 cm
- Large:> = 20 cm
- These nevis are often categorized by size, however, lesions usually grow in proportion to the body over time, so the categories may change over the life of an individual. Categorization is important because large congenital melanocytic naevi is associated with an increased risk of melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer.
- Nevus of Ito
- Nevus of Ota
Reduced melanin
Acquired
- Nevus anemicus
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- Nevus depigmentosus
Additional nevi types do not involve pigmentation or melanocyte disorders. This additional naevi is a hamartomatous proliferation of epithelium, connective tissue, and vascular malformations.
Epidermis nevi
This Nevi represents excessive growth of specific types of cells found in the skin, including those that form the oil and sweat glands.
- Verrucous epidermal nevus
- Nevus sebaceous
- Nevus comedonicus
- Eccrine nevus
- Apocrine nevus
Nevi connecting network
This Nevi represents collagen abnormalities in the dermis, deep skin layers.
- Collagenoma
- Elastoma
Nevi blood vessels
These nodes represent excessive growth of blood vessels, including capillaries.
- Nevus simplex (also known as a stork bite, salmon patch, or Nevus flammeus neonatorum)
Maps Nevus
Diagnosis
The nevi is usually diagnosed clinically with the naked eye or using dermatoscopy. More sophisticated imaging tests are available to differentiate melanocytic naevi from melanoma, including computerized dermoscopy and image analysis. The management of nevi depends on the type of nevus and the degree of diagnostic uncertainty. Some nevi are known to be harmless, and can be monitored from time to time. Others may require more thorough examination and biopsy for histopathological examination (see skin sample under a microscope to detect unique cellular features). For example, a doctor may want to determine whether pigmented naevus is a type of melanocytic naevus, dysplastic naevus, or melanoma because some of these skin lesions pose a risk of malignancy. ABCDE criteria (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter & gt; 6 mm, and evolution) are often used to distinguish nevi from melanoma in adults, while modified criteria (amelanosis, haemorrhage or lump, uniform color, small diameter or de novo, and evolution) can be used when evaluating suspicious lesions in children. In addition to histopathologic examinations, some lesions may also require additional tests to aid diagnosis, including special stains, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Typical; nevi that existed since childhood is not dangerous.
Differential diagnosis
The hypermelanotic nevi should be distinguished from other types of pigmented skin lesions, including:
- Lentigo simplex
- Solar lentigo
- CafÃÆ' Â © au lait macule
- Lentigo ink place
- Mucosal melanotic macule
- Mongolian place (dermal melanocytosis)
Management
Management of naevus depends on the specific diagnosis, however, the options for treatment generally include the following modalities:
Observation
Destruction
- Chemical peels
- Cryotherapy
- Dermabrasion
- Electrodessication
- Laser ablation
Surgery
The decision to observe or treat naevus may depend on a number of factors, including cosmetic problems, irritable symptoms (eg, pruritus), ulceration, infection, and concern for potential malignancies.
Syndrome
Istilah nevus termasuk song nas beberapa dermatologic syndrome:
- Syndrome nevus sel basal
- Syndrome nevus blue rubber bleb
- Syndrome nevus dysplastic
- Needle epidermal syndrome
- Syndrome nevus sebaceous linier
Etymologist
Nevus may also be spelled nevus. The plural is naevi or naevi. The word is derived from nÃÆ'Â|vus , Latin for "birthmark".
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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