Lung hygiene , (formerly known as pulmonary toilet ) is a set of methods used to clean the mucus and secretions of the airways. The word lung refers to the lungs. The word toilet relates to French toilette , referring to body care and hygiene; The root is used in words such as toiletries which are also related to cleaning.
Respiratory health (lung hygiene) is dependent on consistently cleaning airway secretions. Normal airway clearance is achieved by 2 important mechanisms: the mucociliary cleansing system and the ability to cough. Mucociliary clearance disorders associated with poor lung function in various diseases and disabilities.
Pulmonary hygiene prevents atelectasis (collapse of the alveoli of the lungs) and rids the respiratory system of secretion, which can cause respiratory infections. It can also decrease pulmonary shunting, increase the functional reserve capacity of the lungs, and prevent respiratory infections after chest trauma. Methods include using suction to remove fluid and place the patient in a position that allows the secretion to drain by gravity.
Video Pulmonary hygiene
Metode
The methods used for pulmonary hygiene include airway suction, chest physiotherapy, bottle blow, and nasotracheal suction. Bronchoscopy, in which the tube is inserted into the airway so that the examiner can see it, can be used therapeutically as part of the pulmonary hygiene. Spirometry incentives and the use of analgesics (pain medications) that do not inhibit breathing are also part of the lung toilets. Coughing is also important to clear the airways from secretions, so health care providers are careful not to exaggerate the patient, therefore it can inhibit coughing. Tracheostomy facilitates lung toilet. Percussion, another method, relaxes secretions and allows the airway cilia to remove matter. Positioning is another method of promoting drainage secretions; sometimes the patient is placed in a prone position to assist in this goal.
Conventional Chest Physiotherapy
The most common atelectasis treatment in a hospital is manual chest physiotherapy although there is limited evidence of its efficacy. Chest & amp; postural drainage is used in bronchiectasis and pulmonary abscess. The patient's body is positioned so that the trachea tends downward and below the affected chest area. Postural drainage is very important in treating bronchiectasis. Patients should receive physiotherapy to learn to put themselves in a position where the lobes will be dried at least three times a day for 30 minutes during each session.
This treatment is often used in conjunction with techniques to loosen secretions in the chest cavity called percussion of the chest. Percussion of the chest is done by clapping the back or chest with the hands cupped. Alternatively, mechanical vibrators can be used in some cases to facilitate the release of secretions. There is a drainage position for all lung segments. These positions are modified depending on the patient's condition and the location of the area in most therapeutic needs.
Intermittent positive airway pressure (Physiotherapy)
Intermittent positive pressure disturbance (IPPB) Physiotherapy has long been used in intensive care settings in non-intubated patients. Although widely accepted, several studies have validated its efficacy. In the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Respiratory Care, IPPB is recommended for patients with airway clearance, and for delivery of aerosol drugs for patients with neuromuscular weakness who are unable to inhale deeply. IPPB physiotherapy should be used with caution in patients with severe, uncontrolled severe bronchospasm or severe airway obstruction.
Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation Physiotherapy
People with neuromuscular weakness and atelectasis benefit from mechanical insufflation -exsufflation. Mechanically aided cough greatly increases secretion expenditure in the regulation of respiratory infections in patients with neuromuscular disease and should be first-line therapy for this patient population. Mechanical insufflation -exsufflation of physiotherapy is greatly aided by simultaneous manual augmentation of cough by either pressing the chest or pushing the abdomen during the expiratory phase (exhaling). A consensus statement by the American Thoracic Society in 2004 supported the use of mechanical-mechanical exfoliation physiotherapy for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The use of this technique for children with neuromuscular disease has gained widespread acceptance in the United States and internationally.
Maps Pulmonary hygiene
Apps
Bronchial lung hygiene is used to prevent infections such as pneumonia. It is also used in the management of conditions such as pneumonia and cystic fibrosis. For people with chronic lung disease, bronchial hygiene is used to prevent infection and lung abscess. Bronchial hygiene is also used to prevent acute respiratory distress syndrome following chest trauma.
Indication
The need for bronchial hygiene is indicated in cases of COPD, pneumonia and cystic fibrosis as interventional and prophylactic. Prophylactic indications also include pre and post thoracic surgery to prevent atelectasis and respiratory infections.
Contraindications
The decision to use postural drainage therapy requires assessment of potential benefits versus potential risks. Therapy should be provided no later than necessary to obtain the desired therapeutic result. Some contraindications include increased intracranial pressure (& gt; 20mmHg), any acute or reverse spinal injury, active hemoptysis, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema with congestive heart failure and open wounds or healing in areas where chest physiotherapy is otherwise stated.
Drug contraindications vary depending on the drug being sent.
See also
- Respiratory therapy
- Chest physiotherapy
- Thairapy vest
- intrapulmonary intrapulent ventilator
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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