Upper Competition , abbreviated R2T , RTTT or RTT , is $ 4.35 billion US Department of Education competitive grants were created to spur and reward innovation and reform in the local states and districts of K-12 education. It is funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and announced by President Barack Obama and Education Secretary Arne Duncan on July 25, 2009. Countries are awarded points to satisfy specific education policies, such as performance-based evaluations for teachers and principals based on various measures of effectiveness educators (and related to targeted professional development and feedback), adopting common standards (although adoption of Common Ordinary Core Standards is not required), the adoption of policies that do not prohibit (or effectively prohibit) the expansion of high-quality charter schools, , and build and use data systems.
Video Race to the Top
Criteria for funding
The state application for funding is assessed on the selection criteria for a total of 500 points. In severe order, the selection criteria are:
- Teachers and Great Leaders (138 total points)
- Increase teacher and principal effectiveness based on performance (58 points)
- Ensure effective teacher and principal distribution (25 points)
- Provide high quality pathways for prospective teachers and principals (21 points)
- Provide effective support to teachers and principals (20 points)
- Increase the effectiveness of teacher and principal preparation programs (14 points)
- Country Success Factor (125 total points)
- Articulate the educational reform agenda of the State and LEA participation in it (65 points)
- Build strong statewide capacity to implement, improve and defend the proposed plan (30 points)
- Shows significant progress in improving achievement and closing loopholes (30 points)
- Standards and Values ​​(70 total points)
- Develop and adopt common standards (40 points)
- Support transition to enhanced standards and high quality ratings (20 points)
- Develop and apply general and high quality (10 points) ratings
- Election Criteria (55 total points)
- Ensure successful conditions for high-performance charters and other innovative schools (40 points)
- Make educational funding a priority (10 points)
- Demonstrate other significant reform conditions (5 points)
- Whirls at the Lowerest School (50 total points)
- Reverse the school with the lowest achievement (40 points)
- The lowest school and LEA intervention (10 points)
- Data System to Support Instructions (47 total points)
- Fully apply the static longitudinal data system (24 points)
- Use data to improve instructions (18 points)
- Access and use Country data (5 points)
In addition to the possible 485 points from the selection criteria above, applicants are assessed on the basis of six priorities, including the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) priority education of another fifteen points for a total likelihood of 500.
- Priority 1, Absolute Priority : A Comprehensive Approach to Educational Reform
- Priority 2, Priority of Competitive Preferences : Emphasis on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) (This priority is 15 points, bringing the total "selection criteria" to 500 points)
- Priority 3, Invitational Priority : Innovation to Improve Early Learning Outcomes
- Priority 4, Invitational Priority : Expansion and Adaptation of the Longitudinal Data System of All Countries
- Priority 5, Invitational Priority : P-20 Coordination, Vertical and Horizontal Alignment
- Priority 6, Invitational Priority : School-Level Conditions for Reform, Innovation, and Learning
Applications for Race to the Top are supported by local involvement: countries are given incentives to gain support from district school supervisors and teacher unions; the application required the signature of the head of state education, the governor, and the public prosecutor to qualify.
Maps Race to the Top
Effects
Some countries change their education policy to make their apps more competitive. For example, Illinois increased the limit on the number of possible charter schools from 60 to 120; Massachusetts passed a law to "aggressively intervene in the lowest-performing schools", and West Virginia proposed, but did not establish, a performance-based salary system that would include student achievement in compensation calculations. To be eligible, the state can not have laws that prohibit the use of the growth measure of student achievement in teacher evaluation. Some countries have banned the use of value-added modeling in evaluations, but changed their laws to qualify.
Race to the Top is one of the contributing factors to the 48 states that have adopted common standards for K-12. Adoption is accelerated by the deadline of August 1, 2010 to adopt a common standard, after which the state will not accept the points towards the 2nd round of the application. In addition, the White House announced a $ 350 million federal grant developing assessments tailored to common standards. The Core State Standard, a set of standards adopted by the state for Race to the Top, was developed by the National Governors Association and the Council of Chief School School Officers with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation and others. Adoption of Common Core Country Standards, however, is not required by Race to the Top.
Schedule
Phase 1 applications for funding matured on January 19, 2010. 40 countries apply for funding, as well as the District of Columbia. Phase 1 finalists were announced on March 4, 2010, and the 1st winner was announced on March 29, 2010. The deadline for submitting a Phase 2 application is 1 June; The Phase 2 decision was announced on August 24, 2010. Phase 3 of the application is divided into two parts. Part I is due November 22, 2011 and Part II is due December 16. The award was announced on December 23rd. Phase 3 winners include: Arizona, Colorado, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. Only Phase 2 finalists are not earning eligible money. The Race to the Top - The Early Learning Challenge, jointly organized by the US Department of Education and the Department of Health and Human Services, applications will begin October 20. On April 9, 2012 the Ministry of Education announces there will be a second round of Race to the Top - The Initial Learning Challenge. Five countries that almost won in the first half (CO, IL, NM, OR, WI) will compete for $ 133 million. On May 22, 2012, the Ministry of Education proposed design criteria for the district-level Race Program and above. On December 19, 2013, six additional countries (Georgia, Kentucky, Michigan, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Vermont) were awarded a total of $ 280 million from the 2013 Early Learning Challenge (RTT-ELC) fund.
Awards
Countries eligible for various funding brackets depend on their share of the federal population of children between the ages of 5-17. Phase 1 band awards range from $ 20-75 million to the highest of the 1st tier award range of $ 350- $ 700 million. Only the four largest states, by population, (California, Texas, Florida, and New York) are eligible for this highest group. Over three rounds, 18 states plus the District of Columbia were awarded a $ 4.1 billion grant (excluding the RTTT-Early Learning Challenge grant). These scholarship recipients overall serve approximately 22 million students who constitute about 45% of all K-12 students in the United States.
Alaska, North Dakota, Texas, and Vermont did not propose the Race to the Top app for the second round.
After the second round, the Department of Education released a complete score of each application, with the aim of making the assessment process more transparent and helping the country revise their application to be more competitive for the second round of competition.
Winner of Round 1 (a.k.a.Stage 1) was announced on 29th March 2010. Round 2 Winner (a.k.a.Stage 2) was announced on August 24, 2010. Round 3 Winner (a.k.a.Stage 3) was announced on December 23, 2011.
Results
As part of the Race to the Top, the US Department of Education issues its Annual Performance Report (APR), which categorizes the progress of grant recipients in implementing reform plans and achieving goals for student outcomes.
APR is created for each state to document progress towards the annual and four year targets set forth in the grantee application. Because the performance measures included in the application are an indicator of success in improving student outcomes, APR is one way to hold governments accountable to meet targets in improving student outcomes. The APR also includes reports and updates on laws, laws, regulations and/or guidelines that impact on reform plans, as well as progress on meeting "absolute priorities" and "priorities of competitive preferences", which emphasize a comprehensive focus on reform and emphasis on STEM education. APR includes updates on progress in meeting the priorities of invitations in approved plans (innovations to improve early learning outcomes, expansion and adaptation of statewide longitudinal data systems, P-20 coordination, vertical and horizontal alignment and school-level conditions for reform, innovation, and learning).
APR measures things like graduation rate. Graduation rate for states receiving grants (grants awarded in 2010 and end of 2011):
Graduation Rate for Grant Winner Countries
Competitions to Top states such as Georgia, North Carolina, and Florida successfully integrate multiple data systems to provide resources and information tailored for different audiences (eg, Teachers, students, parents). In such an integrated system, students can access their tasks, values, and learning activities; parents can see their child's academic expectations, and school attendance and grades; and teachers and principals can access their student data and find strategies and resources (eg, sample lesson plans) to meet their instructional needs. Access to data and training that helps teachers improve teaching to meet the needs of their students.
Race to the Top states provide extensive training opportunities for teachers to improve their data analysis skills and use student performance data to tailor the learning for each student. Teachers use new data and tools to effectively and quickly examine students' progress and understanding during a session or for several weeks.
Criticism
Although most countries have competed to win grants, Race to the Top has also been criticized by politicians, policy analysts, thought leaders, and educators. The teacher union believes that state tests are an inaccurate way to measure teacher effectiveness, despite the fact that learning outcomes on assessment are only one component of the evaluation system. Conservatives complain that it imposes a federal reach on state schools, and others argue that charter schools undermine public education. In explaining why Texas will not apply for Race to the Top funding, then Governor Rick Perry states, "we would be foolish and irresponsible to put the future of our children in the hands of unelected bureaucrats and special interest groups which is thousands of miles away in Washington. "
Critics further argue that the reforms promoted have not proved or failed in the past. Former Education Assistant Secretary Diane Ravitch, for example, commented that empirical evidence "shows clearly that choice, competition and accountability as the lever of educational reform do not work". In his argument, Ravitch did not specify the "empirical evidence" he referred to. A coalition of civil rights organizations, including the Urban League, the NAACP Legal Defense Fund and the Rainbow Coalition/PUSH released a statement that "Such an approach restores ancient and highly politicized frames to distribute federal support to countries whose civil rights organizations struggled to remove in 1965. "The Economic Policy Institute released a report in April 2010 finding that" the elections of Delaware and Tennessee are subjective and arbitrary, are more of a bias or coincidence than the result of superior compliance of these countries with reform policies ". Finally, the American Enterprise Institute released its report in September 2010 finding differences in Race to the Top scores versus track record of educational reform and country rating from outside, independent sources. The report finds that the political state of the country may have influenced the state's final score.
On May 26, 2010, Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell drew the country from the second round of the competition. Virginia finished 31 out of 41 countries in the first half, but McDonnell said that Virginia would not continue for the second round, believing the competition required the use of public education performance standards instead of the current Virginia standard. Use of common performance standards is required. Although McDonnell supported the Race to the Top program during his campaign for governors, he claimed on June 1 his appearance at MSNBC that Race to the Top rules precludes participating countries from adopting more stringent standards in addition to the multi-country standards they follow. However, in some cases, the "Race to Top" rule provides points even if the state adopts a more stringent standard than an optional general standard.
Trump Administration
An article published by the Washington Post in November 2017 reveals President Donald Trump encourages different school districts to permit school choice. The document shows how the Trump government plans to encourage school choice. The March proposal revealed the government would allocate $ 1 billion in encouraging districts to adopt "student-based budgeting" or allowing the flow of funds to students instead of schools. President Trump's proposed Budget provides the Department of Education with $ 63.2 billion for the fiscal year 2019 in discretionary assistance reflecting a $ 3.6 billion cut of current spending levels for the fiscal year beginning in October 2018. Secretary of the Department of Education Betsy Devos supported giving the country more flexibility as an incentive for its department's stance on budget policies and proposals. Trump proposes a reduction in funding (salary) for the nation's teachers and programs after school and after school. He asks Congress to cut wages and increase class size to pay tax deductions for wealthy families who are able to enroll their children in private schools.
References
Further reading
- Official Competition to the Top Fund Website
- Obama offers the 'Race to the Top' race for schools
- Race to the Top Program Executive Summary
- Core State Core Standard Initiative
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments